Compartmental models that dynamically divide the host population into categories such as
susceptible, infected, and immune constitute the mainstream of epidemiological modelling …

Population epidemiological models where hosts can be infected sequentially by different
strains have the potential to help us understand many important diseases. Researchers …

In epidemics, waning immunity is common after infection or vaccination of individuals.
Immunity levels are highly heterogeneous and dynamic. This work presents an immuno …

In infectious disease models, it is known that mechanisms such as births, seasonality in
transmission and pathogen evolution can generate oscillations in infection numbers. We …

The COVID-19 pandemic has hit different regions differently. The current disease-induced
immunity level î in a region approximately equals the cumulative fraction infected, which …

Despite advances in prevention and control, infectious diseases continue to be a burden to
human health. Many factors, including the waning and boosting of immunity, are involved in …

Many disease pathogens stimulate immunity in their hosts, which then wanes over time. To
better understand the impact of this immunity on epidemiological dynamics, we propose an …

The conventional susceptible-infectious-recovered (SIR) model tends to magnify the
transmission dynamics of infectious diseases, and thus the estimated total infections and …

For infectious diseases where immunization can offer lifelong protection, a variety of simple
models can be used to explain the utility of vaccination as a control method. However, for …

An epidemiological model for COVID-19 developed earlier was extended to determine the
effects of behavioral changes, immunity loss, and vaccination on second and subsequent …