There is disagreement in the literature about the exact nature of the phenomenon of
empathy. There are emotional, cognitive, and conditioning views, applying in varying …

Only a broad theory that looks across levels of analysis can encompass the many
perspectives on the phenomenon of empathy. We address the major points of our …

The claim that empathy is both automatic and representational is criticized as follows:(a) five
empathy-arousing processes ranging from conditioning and mimicry to prospective-taking …

A primary function of empathy is to help individuals form and maintain social bonds.
Empathy should thus occur only when individuals seek to solidify social bonds, and not in …

We argue that cognitive empathy and other instances of mental state attribution are a
byproduct of self-awareness. Evidence is brought to bear on this proposition from …

In mammals, empathy is crucial for living in social groups and caring for others. In this paper,
we consider the structural and functional organization of empathy. We propose that empathy …

Evidence suggests that there are differences in the capacity for empathy between males and
females. However, how deep do these differences go? Stereotypically, females are …

Empathy allows individuals to share the affective states of others, predict others' actions, and
stimulate prosocial behavior. Whilst the proximate mechanisms of empathy, modulated in …

This article describes a neurobiological basis for the “first attachment” of the primate infant to
its caretaker. The infant normally internalizes a neurobiological “image” of the behavioral …

The ontogeny of human empathy is better understood with reference to the evolutionary
history of the social brain. Empathy has deep evolutionary, biochemical, and neurological …