Alena Ledeneva invites you on a voyage of discovery, to explore society's open secrets,
unwritten rules and know-how practices. Broadly defined as 'ways of getting things done' …

Informed by in-depth case studies focusing on a wide spectrum of micro and macro post-
socialist realities, this book demonstrates the multi-faceted nature of informality and …

This article has two main aims. The first is to problematize the dominant view of the informal
economy as a sort of separate economy, related primarily to (immigrant) small business and …

Informality is so widespread in the post-state-socialist societies of Central Europe today that
conducting any business, economic or otherwise, is virtually impossible without bowing, or …

Global restructuring has dramatically affected the value, extent, and significance of informal
economic activities worldwide. Approaching informalization as a systemic phenomenon, this …

For most of the twentieth century, modernity has been characterised by the formalisation of
social relations as face to face interactions are replaced by impersonal bureaucracy and …

The discussion on informality has become considerably more complex since its inception in
development planning in the early 1970s. Independent discourses exist on the informal …

Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to suggest that informal practices and institutions of
post-Soviet countries differ from informality in other post-socialist regions and, therefore …

Contemporary economies rest on heavy infrastructures of conventional forms. They rely on
formal indicators, accounts and procedures, standards, benchmarks, good practices, etc …

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess ways in which informality can be understood
and reviews an emerging area of management scholarship. The origins and nature of …