Time-division-multiplexed passive optical networks (TDM–PONs) have been successful
solutions for providing the huge bandwidth needed for quadruple-play services in last-mile …

Passive optical networks are a prominent broadband access solution to tackle the" last mile"
bottleneck in telecommunications infrastructure. Data transmission over standardized PONs …

Time and wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (TWDM-PON) is the
mainstream scheme of the next generation access network, and it possesses a number of …

In time division, multiple access (TDMA)-based passive optical network (PONs), a dynamic
bandwidth assignment (DBA) is necessary for efficient utilization of the available bandwidth …

In recent years, there has been an increasing trend towards extending the coverage of
passive optical networks (PONs) over large geographical areas. Long-reach PONs …

Time-and wavelength-division multiplexed passive optical network (TWDM-PON) has
attracted considerable attention for the next generation optical access systems. Among …

Current passive optical networks (PONs) use on–off keying (OOK) modulation throughout
the entire network regardless of actual path losses. Statistics of commercial gigabit passive …

Long-reach Passive Optical Networks (LR-PONs) aim to combine the capacity of metro and
access networks by extending the reach and split ratio of the conventional PONs. LR-PONs …

Abstract Hybrid WDM–TDM PON (wavelength division multiplexing–time division
multiplexing passive optical network) that applies wavelength-independent or colorless …

Driven by emerging bandwidth-hungry applications, next generation passive optical
networks (NG-PONs) provide higher bandwidth to users by using more wavelengths and …