Every cell in nature carries a rich surface coat of glycans, its glycocalyx, which constitutes
the cell's interface with its environment. In eukaryotes, the glycocalyx is composed of …

Polymers of sialic acid can be produced by pro-and eukaryotic cells. In vertebrates polysialic
acid consists of α2, 8-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid and is most prominent during nervous …

Sialic acids refer to a unique family of acidic sugars with a 9-carbon backbone that are
mostly found as terminal residues in glycan structures of glycoconjugates including both …

Gangliosides comprise a varied family of glycosphingolipid structures bearing one or more
sialic acid residues. They are found in all mammalian tissues but are most abundant in the …

Every cell expresses a molecularly diverse surface glycan coat (glycocalyx) comprising its
interface with its cellular environment. In vertebrates, the terminal sugars of the glycocalyx …

Sialic acids (Sia) are involved in many biological activities and frequently exist as monosialyl
residues at the non-reducing terminal end of glycoconjugates. Occasionally, polymerized …

Polysialic acid (PSA) is a cell-surface glycan with an enormous hydrated volume that serves
to modulate the distance between cells. This regulation has direct effects on several cellular …

Gangliosides are sialic acid‐containing glycosphingolipids. They occur especially on the
cellular surfaces of neuronal cells, where they form a complex pattern, but are also found in …

The early stages of neurodevelopment in infants are crucial for establishing neural
structures and synaptic connections that influence brain biochemistry well into adulthood …

Gangliosides occur primarily in the vertebrate phylum and have been detected in virtually all
vertebrate tissues subjected to careful analysis. They constitute part of the glycoconjugate …