Nowadays, due to the concern of environmental challenges, global warming and climate
change, companies across the globe have increasingly focused on the sustainable …

The development of optimization and mathematical models for closed loop supply chain
(CLSC) design has attracted considerable interest over the past decades. However, the …

In this paper, a network of closed-loop supply chain is considered, including external
supplier, production/recovery facilities, hybrid distribution/collection centers, disposal …

A closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) is important in developing a green industrial supply
chain and a sustainable economy. This study addresses the challenge of designing a closed …

This paper incorporates flexible facility capacity and government subsidy factors into the
consideration of the design of a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) network based on an …

Closed-loop supply chain network design (CLSCND) has been increasingly spotlighted over
the latest decade. The focus has been given to maximize the economic performance …

The extensive use of hazardous products has resulted in quickly increasing on hazardous
wastes. Due to the rising environmental pressure and economic benefit, the reverse supply …

In recent years, there has been a growing awareness and acceptance of the concept of
green environmental protection among the public, primarily due to the worsening …

In this study, we present a multiobjective mixed‐integer nonlinear programming (MINLP)
model to design a closed‐loop supply chain (CLSC) from production stage to distribution as …

Purpose Environmental issues have become an important concern in modern supply chain
management. The structure of closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) networks, which considers …