The bouba/kiki effect is robust across cultures and writing systems

A Ćwiek, S Fuchs, C Draxler, EL Asu… - … of the Royal …, 2022 - royalsocietypublishing.org
The bouba/kiki effect—the association of the nonce word bouba with a round shape and kiki
with a spiky shape—is a type of correspondence between speech sounds and visual …

Phonological and orthographic influences in the bouba–kiki effect

C Cuskley, J Simner, S Kirby - Psychological research, 2017 - Springer
We examine a high-profile phenomenon known as the bouba–kiki effect, in which non-word
names are assigned to abstract shapes in systematic ways (eg rounded shapes are …

Consonants are more important than vowels in the bouba-kiki effect

M Fort, A Martin, S Peperkamp - Language and Speech, 2015 - journals.sagepub.com
Adult listeners systematically associate certain speech sounds with round or spiky shapes, a
sound-symbolic phenomenon known as the “bouba-kiki effect.” In this study, we investigate …

When “Bouba” equals “Kiki”: Cultural commonalities and cultural differences in sound-shape correspondences

YC Chen, PC Huang, A Woods, C Spence - Scientific reports, 2016 - nature.com
It has been suggested that the Bouba/Kiki effect, in which meaningless speech sounds are
systematically mapped onto rounded or angular shapes, reflects a universal crossmodal …

What's in a name? Sound symbolism and gender in first names

DM Sidhu, PM Pexman - PloS one, 2015 - journals.plos.org
Although the arbitrariness of language has been considered one of its defining features,
studies have demonstrated that certain phonemes tend to be associated with certain kinds of …

Phonetic Detail and Dimensionality in Sound-shape Correspondences: Refining the Bouba-Kiki Paradigm

A D'Onofrio - Language and speech, 2014 - journals.sagepub.com
Sound symbolism is the process by which speakers link phonetic features with meanings
non-arbitrarily. For instance, speakers across languages associate non-words with rounded …

Sound symbolism shapes the English language: The maluma/takete effect in English nouns

DM Sidhu, C Westbury, G Hollis… - Psychonomic Bulletin & …, 2021 - Springer
Sound symbolism refers to associations between language sounds (ie, phonemes) and
perceptual and/or semantic features. One example is the maluma/takete effect: an …

Affective arousal links sound to meaning

A Aryani, ES Isbilen… - Psychological …, 2020 - journals.sagepub.com
Prior investigations have demonstrated that people tend to link pseudowords such as bouba
to rounded shapes and kiki to spiky shapes, but the cognitive processes underlying this …

The shape of boubas: Sound–shape correspondences in toddlers and adults

D Maurer, T Pathman, CJ Mondloch - Developmental science, 2006 - Wiley Online Library
A striking demonstration that sound–object correspondences are not completely arbitrary is
that adults map nonsense words with rounded vowels (eg bouba) to rounded shapes and …

“Bouba” and “Kiki” in Namibia? A remote culture make similar shape–sound matches, but different shape–taste matches to Westerners

AJ Bremner, S Caparos, J Davidoff, J de Fockert… - Cognition, 2013 - Elsevier
Western participants consistently match certain shapes with particular speech sounds,
tastes, and flavours. Here we demonstrate that the “Bouba-Kiki effect”, a well-known shape …