The rapid development of multiple vaccines providing strong protection from severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been a major achievement …

A large body of evidence generated in the last two and a half years addresses the roles of T
cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection and following vaccination. Infection or vaccination induces …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces a severe acute
respiratory syndrome that is called COVID-19. Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 include …

SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell response has been proven essential for viral clearance, COVID-
19 outcome and long-term memory. Impaired early T cell-driven immunity leads to a severe …

During viral infections, antibodies and T cells act together to prevent pathogen spread and
remove virus-infected cells. Virus-specific adaptive immunity can, however, also trigger …

Exceptional efforts have been undertaken to shed light into the biology of adaptive immune
responses to SARS-CoV-2. T cells occupy a central role in adaptive immunity to mediate …

COVID-19 vaccination programmes are ongoing worldwide. Neutralizing antibodies are
thought to be key for host protection against COVID-19; however, strategies that focus only …

Understanding which arms of the immune response are responsible for protection against
SARS-CoV-2 infection is key to predicting long-term immunity and to inform vaccine design …

As the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has progressed, increasing attention has focused on
establishing natural and vaccine-induced immunity against this coronavirus and the …

The first-generation COVID-19 vaccines have been effective in mitigating severe illness and
hospitalization, but recurring waves of infections are associated with the emergence of …