Importance Progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA) is the main event responsible
for irreversible disability accumulation in relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective To …

Patients with multiple sclerosis acquire disability either through relapse-associated
worsening (RAW) or progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA). This study …

Importance Accumulation of disability in multiple sclerosis may occur as relapse-associated
worsening (RAW) or steady progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA), with PIRA …

Importance The mechanisms driving neurodegeneration and brain atrophy in relapsing
multiple sclerosis (RMS) are not completely understood. Objective To determine whether …

Objectives To investigate the relationship among attacks in the first 2 years (early relapses),
secondary progression (SP), and late disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). Design Cohort …

Objective Rates of worsening and evolution to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
(MS) may be substantially lower in actively treated patients compared to natural history …

Disability accrual in multiple sclerosis may occur as relapse-associated worsening or
progression independent of relapse activity. The role of progression independent of relapse …

Objectives To assess factors affecting the rate of conversion to secondary progressive (SP)
multiple sclerosis (MS) and its subsequent evolution. Methods Among 806 patients with …

Objective: We examined the effect of relapses—before and after progression onset—on the
rate of postprogression disability accrual in a progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) cohort …

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between early relapse recovery and onset of
progressive multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: We studied a population-based cohort (105 …