Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common causes of cancer in the world and the second
leading cause of cancer deaths among women. Mortality is associated mainly with the …

Breast cancer is presently the most predominant tumor type and the second leading cause
of tumor-related deaths among women. Although advancements in diagnosis and …

Background Many common environmental chemicals are mammary gland carcinogens in
animal studies, activate relevant hormonal pathways, or enhance mammary gland …

Therapy resistance or tumor relapse in cancer is common. Tumors develop resistance to
chemotherapeutic through a variety of mechanisms, with tumor microenvironment (TM) …

Increasing epidemiological and animal experimental data provide substantial support for the
role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in mammary tumorigenesis. The effects of AhR have …

Distant metastasis to specific target organs is responsible for over 90% of breast cancer-
related deaths, but the underlying molecular mechanism is unclear. Mounting evidence …

The incidence of breast cancer is on a rise worldwide; it is a disease having a complex
etiology. Besides genetics, environmental and other lifestyle factors play a role in the …

Emerging evidence from epidemiological studies suggests a link between environmental
chemical exposure and progression of aggressive breast cancer subtypes. Of all clinically …

The current statistics associated with breast cancer continue to show a relatively high
recurrence rate together with a poor survival for aggressive metastatic disease. These …

Simple Summary The spread of breast cancer to distant parts of the body (metastasis) is the
major cause of death in breast cancer patients. Research has shown that apart from the …