Understanding the evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is crucial for
reconstructing its origin, deciphering its interaction with the immune system and developing …

One of the hallmarks of HIV infection is the rapid development of a genetically complex
population (quasispecies) from an initially limited number of infectious particles. Genetic …

Over the past four decades, research on the natural history of HIV infection has described
how HIV wreaks havoc on human immunity and causes AIDS. HIV host genomic research …

Over calendar time, HIV-1 evolves considerably faster within individuals than it does at the
epidemic level. This is a surprising observation since, from basic population genetic theory …

Cellular immune control of HIV is mediated, in part, by induction of single amino acid
mutations that reduce viral fitness, but compensatory mutations limit this effect. Here, we …

This review examines the enormous progress that has been made in the past decade in
understanding the origin of HIV, HIV genetic variability, and the impact of global HIV diversity …

The HIV evolutionary processes continuously unfold, leaving a measurable footprint in viral
gene sequences. A variety of statistical models and inference techniques have been …

HIV-1 genetic variability within individuals and populations plays a central role in the HIV
pandemic. Multiple zoonotic transmissions of SIV to humans have resulted in distinct HIV …

The error-prone replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) enables it to
continuously evade host CD8+ T-cell responses. The observed transmission, and potential …

The devastating consequences of AIDS pandemic will probably only be controlled when a
vaccine is developed that is safe, effective, affordable, and simple enough to permit …