Chemotherapy remains the only practicable tool to control falciparum malaria in sub-
Saharan Africa, where> 90% of the world's burden of malaria mortality and morbidity occurs …

The antifolate combination of pyrimethamine (PM) and sulfadoxine (SD) is the last affordable
drug combination available for wide-scale treatment of falciparum malaria in Africa …

Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to the antimalarial drug sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine is
a result of extremely rare mutations that have spread over large geographical areas. This …

Antifolate antimalarial drugs interfere with folate metabolism, a pathway essential to malaria
parasite survival. This class of drugs includes effective causal prophylactic and therapeutic …

Drugs that target the folate‐synthesis pathway have a long history of effectiveness against a
variety of pathogens. As antimalarials, the antifolates were safe and well tolerated, but …

Drug‐resistant malaria is primarily caused by Plasmodium falciparum, a species highly
prevalent in tropical Africa, the Amazon region and South‐east Asia. It causes severe fever …

The spread of high-level pyrimethamine resistance in Africa threatens to curtail the
therapeutic lifetime of antifolate antimalarials. We studied the possible evolutionary …

Resistance to antifolates of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum stems from
stepwise mutations of the target enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). New drugs can be …

Pyrimethamine (PM) plus sulfadoxine (SD) is the last remaining affordable drug for treating
uncomplicated malaria in Africa. The selective pressure exerted by the slowly eliminated …

Molecular epidemiological investigations have uncovered the patterns of emergence and
global spread of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine …