The capacity of cellular networks can be improved by the unprecedented array gain and
spatial multiplexing offered by Massive MIMO. Since its inception, the coherent interference …

The recent development of the massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) paradigm, has
been extensively based on the pursuit of favorable propagation: in the asymptotic limit, the …

A wireless massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system entails a large number of
base station antennas serving a much smaller number of users, with large gains in spectral …

Cell-free Massive MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) refers to a distributed Massive MIMO
system where all the access points (APs) cooperate to coherently serve all the user …

Massive MIMO is a promising technique for increasing the spectral efficiency (SE) of cellular
networks, by deploying antenna arrays with hundreds or thousands of active elements at the …

Since the seminal paper by Marzetta from 2010, Massive MIMO has changed from being a
theoretical concept with an infinite number of antennas to a practical technology. The key …

The last ten years have seen a massive growth in the number of connected wireless
devices. Billions of devices are connected and managed by wireless networks. At the same …

Massive MIMO relies on the asymptotic orthogonality of channel vectors to different users.
For M service antennas, the expected correlation between a pair of channel vectors under …

Massive MIMO is considered a key technology for 5G. Various studies analyze the impact of
the number of antennas, relying on channel properties only and assuming uniform antenna …

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communications refers to the idea
equipping cellular base stations (BSs) with a very large number of antennas, and has been …