Most existing vaccines for human use are administered by needle-based injection.
Administering vaccines needle-free intranasally has numerous advantages over by needle …

Introduction: The emergence of new diseases and the lack of efficient vaccines against
numerous nontreatable pathogens require the development of novel vaccination strategies …

The mucosal epithelium of the upper respiratory tract constitutes an effective physical barrier
to many pathogens. Its mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue is of particular importance for …

The vast majority of human pathogens colonize and invade at the mucosal surfaces.
Preventing infection at these sites via mucosally active vaccines is a promising and rational …

Vaccination represents a cost-effective weapon for disease prevention and has proven to
dramatically reduce the incidences of several diseases that once were responsible for …

Intranasal (IN) vaccination represents an attractive non-invasive alternative to needle-based
injection and provides superior protection at mucosal surfaces. However, new formulations …

Nasal delivery offers many benefits over traditional approaches to vaccine administration.
These include ease of administration without needles that reduces issues associated with …

The advantage of mucosal vaccination in viral and bacterial infections in different age
groups is of enormous clinical relevance. The advantages and potential hazards of …

Delivery of vaccines via the mucosal route is regarded as the most effective mode of
immunization to counteract infectious diseases that enter via mucosal tissues, including oral …

Viruses, bacteria, fungi, and several other pathogenic microorganisms usually infect the host
via the surface cells of respiratory mucosa. Nasal vaccination could provide a strong …