Background The live-attenuated influenza virus vector-based intranasal SARS-CoV-2
vaccine (dNS1-RBD, Pneucolin; Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise, Beijing …

Background All currently available SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are administered by intramuscular
injection. We aimed to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a live-attenuated influenza …

A team led by Oxford University's Alexander Douglas reported disappointing phase 1 trial
results for intranasal administration of the ChAdOx1 vaccine against COVID-19. Consisting …

Background Intranasal vaccination may induce protective local and systemic immune
responses against respiratory pathogens. A number of intranasal SARS-CoV-2 vaccine …

Global deployment of an effective and safe vaccine is necessary to curtail the coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 …

Remarkable progress has been made in developing intramuscular vaccines against severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); however, they are limited with …

Current available vaccines for COVID-19 are effective in reducing severe diseases and
deaths caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection but less optimal in preventing infection. Next …

Highlights•Several intranasal SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are now in use and induce mucosal
immunity.•Live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 as nasal vaccines would induce hybrid …

It is striking that all marketed SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are developed for intramuscular
administration designed to produce humoral and cell mediated immune responses …

Introduction Although SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were first approved under Emergency Use
Authorization by the Food and Drug Administration in late 2020 for adults, authorisation for …