Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, Central Asian states have developed liberal-
constitutional formal institutions. However, at the same time, political phenomena in Central …

This article examines the genesis and influence of informal politics on non-democratic
outcomes in Central Asia. As opposed to current scholarship which explains the emergence …

As opposed to the current literature which argues that informal politics pervades formal
institutions in Kazakhstan and Central Asia more widely, this article argues that Nur Otan …

Departing from some prominent scholarship on Kazakhstani politics, the author argues that
competition between financial–industrial groups over scarce economic and political …

The independent Republic of Kazakhstan came into being following its declaration of
independence on December 16, 1991, from the Soviet Union, leaving it and the other …

THE POLITICS OF STAGNATION died hard in Kyrgyzstan. As late as spring 1990, the
republic's political leadership was extolling the virtues of traditional Soviet politics and …

This book provides a comprehensive empirical and theoretical analysis of the development
of parties and party systems in Asia. The studies included advance a unique perspective in …

Empires have a bad habit of surviving their physical demise. 1 They breed a peculiar way of
thinking, implant unique dispositions and nurture conflicting loyalties and fragmented …

This article develops a concept of civil society in Central Asia distinct from that which
emerged from the East European communist societies of the late 1980s. Kazakhstan …

Despite early hopes that Kazakhstan would be a beacon of democracy in otherwise bleak
Central Asia, prospects of a civil Kazakh society have evaporated. Human rights violations …