Objectives Emerging evidence supports the protective effects of higher childhood
socioeconomic status (cSES) on cognition over the life course. However, less understood is …

Objective The diagnosis of hidden hearing loss (HHL) in calm state has not yet been
determined, while the nutritional status is not involved in its pathogenic risk factors. In utero …

It is now widely known that pregnancy is a window of opportunity for life-long health, both for
the mother and her offspring. Besides the increasing metabolic demands, it is also a critical …

Background Mental illnesses are a leading cause of disability globally. Across 17 psychiatric
disorders, functional disability is often in part caused by cognitive impairments. However …

Background: Depression results from interactions between biological, social, and
psychological factors. Literature shows that depression is associated with abnormal brain …

Socioeconomic resources (SER) calibrate the developing brain to the current context, which
can confer or attenuate risk for psychopathology across the lifespan. Recent multivariate …

Background: Early substance use initiation (SUI) places youth at substantially higher risk for
later substance use disorders. Furthermore, adolescence is a critical period for the …

Early-life stress sensitizes individuals to subsequent stressors to increase lifetime risk for
psychiatric disorders. Within the nucleus accumbens (NAc)—a key limbic brain region …

Linking the developing brain with individual differences in clinical and demographic traits is
challenging due to the substantial interindividual heterogeneity of brain anatomy and …

Growing evidence indicates that brain development varies as a function of family
socioeconomic status (SES). Numerous studies have demonstrated that children from low …