Influenza is a vaccine-preventable disease and a global public health problem. Although
most national influenza vaccination recommendations focus on subjects aged≥ 65 years …

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a serious healthcare-associated disease, causing
symptoms such as diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. The major virulence factors …

Background and aims There is an incomplete understanding of the full safety profiles of
repeated COVID-19 vaccinations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Among …

Background: Some pesticides are immunotoxic and have been associated with an
increased risk of immune-mediated diseases. The risk of shingles, the clinical reactivation of …

Vaccines are an effective way to prevent the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance
by preventing diseases and establishing herd immunity. However, the reduced effectiveness …

Influenza virus infection, more commonly known as the 'cold flu', is an etiological agent that
gives rise to recurrent annual flu and many pandemics. Dated back to the 1918-Spanish Flu …

Introduction Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is rapidly spreading to new areas in many parts of
Europe. While vaccination remains the most effective method of protection against the …

It has been suggested that the outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are better
in individuals having recently received an influenza vaccine than in non-vaccinated …

当今全球已迅速步入老龄化社会, 老年人口迅速扩增. 伴随年龄增长, 机体免疫系统发生着系列
变化, 即“免疫衰老”, 导致各种感染的发生率和老年病的死亡率加剧, 增加了各国对卫生医疗的 …

Purpose Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a devastating condition. While most
attention is directed towards disease in children and adolescents, IMD poses an important …