Helping B cells and antibody responses is a major function of CD4+ T cells. It has been 10
years since the publication of Bcl6 as the lineage-defining transcription factor for T follicular …

The chemokines (or chemotactic cytokines) are a large family of small, secreted proteins that
signal through cell surface G protein‐coupled heptahelical chemokine receptors. They are …

T cell activation is a highly regulated process involving peptide–MHC engagement of the T
cell receptor and positive costimulatory signals. Upon activation, coinhibitory'checkpoints' …

TCF1 and its homologue LEF1 are historically known as effector transcription factors
downstream of the WNT signalling pathway and are essential for early T cell development …

Novel insights from basic and translational studies are reshaping concepts of the
immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and understanding of the different inflammatory …

Abstract Anti-programmed death-1 (anti-PD-1) immunotherapy reinvigorates CD8 T cell
responses in patients with cancer but PD-1 is also expressed by other immune cells …

Allergen immunotherapy is effective in patients with IgE-dependent allergic rhinitis and
asthma. When immunotherapy is given continuously for 3 years, there is persistent clinical …

CD4+ T regulatory cells (Treg) are central to immune homeostasis, their phenotypic
heterogeneity reflecting the diverse environments and target cells that they regulate. To …

Follicular regulatory T (TFR) cells have specialized roles in modulating follicular helper T
(TFH) cell activation of B cells. However, the precise role of TFR cells in controlling antibody …

The PD-1 pathway is a cornerstone in immune regulation. While the PD-1 pathway has
received considerable attention for its role in contributing to the maintenance of T cell …