Most studies involving prebiotic oligosaccharides have been carried out using inulin and its
fructo‐oligosaccharide (FOS) derivatives, together with various forms of galacto …

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on modulation of the gastrointestinal microbiota by
prebiotics and their abilities to impact on colonic diseases by restoring more beneficial …

Toll-like receptors (TLR) are pattern recognition receptors that recognize conserved
molecular patterns on microbes and link innate and adaptive immune systems. We …

Until the introduction of antibiotics in the 1930s and 1940s, acute bacterial meningitis was
fatal in most cases. Since then it has become curable with a variable mortality and morbidity …

The deterioration of the immune system with progressive aging is believed to contribute to
morbidity and mortality in elderly humans due to the increased incidence of infection …

Age-related changes in immunity render elderly individuals more susceptible to infections
than the young. Previous work by our laboratory and others showed that macrophages from …

The current review focuses on the connection of telomerase and telomeres with aging. In
this review, we describe the changes in telomerase and telomere length (TEL) during …

The objectives of this review were first to critically review what is known about the effects of
aging on stem cells in general, and hematopoietic stem cells in particular. Secondly …

Biomarkers are increasingly employed in empirical studies of human populations to
understand physiological processes that change with age, diseases whose onset appears …

Importance Although leukocyte telomere length is associated with mortality and many
chronic diseases thought to be manifestations of age-related functional decline, it is not …