Abstract Background The Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella surveillance study is a
longitudinal multicountry study that aims to estimate incidence rates and document …

Climate change affects the spread of waterborne infectious diseases, yet research on
vulnerability to outbreaks remains limited. This integrative review examines how climate …

Groundwater quality is at high risk throughout the world including Sindh province in
Pakistan. A sheer growth in global population, urbanization, mixing of sewage and industrial …

Abstract Background and Aims Access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene is a
fundamental human right and essential to control infectious diseases. However, many …

Objectives: In Pakistan, the degradation of drinking water quality is exacerbated by the
increasing population size and rapid industrialization. Contaminated water serves as the …

Rotavirus A (RVA) is a leading cause of severe gastroenteritis in children worldwide, and
vaccination has become a pivotal strategy to reduce the associated morbidity and mortality …

Across a remarkably large number of cities in Pakistan, drinking water is contaminated with
harmful levels of toxic chemicals and microorganisms. The situation is particularly dire in …

Background: Diarrhea is the second most significant cause of child morbidity and mortality,
especially in developing countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) advises that …

Background Paediatric diarrhoea and malnutrition have a bidirectional relationship, which in
turn augments the presence of each other. The diarrhoeal diseases in children can be …

Popok sekali pakai kini semakin banyak digunakan dan menimbulkan kesulitan besar bagi
pengelolaan limbah dunia, khususnya di wilayah perkotaan. Popok sekali pakai …