The age-associated B cell subset has been the focus of increasing interest over the last
decade. These cells have a unique cell surface phenotype and transcriptional signature …

Ageing is characterized by a low-grade chronic inflammation marked by elevated circulating
levels of inflammatory mediators. This chronic inflammation occurring in the absence of …

It is widely accepted that aging is accompanied by remodelling of the immune system
including thymic atrophy and increased frequency of senescent T cells, leading to immune …

Gut microbiota is established during birth and evolves with age, mostly maintaining the
commensal relationship with the host. A growing body of clinical evidence suggests an …

Nanosafety assessment has experienced an intense era of research during the past
decades driven by a vivid interest of regulators, industry, and society. Toxicological assays …

Aging is associated with suboptimal CD8 T cell responses to viral infections. It is not clear
whether these poor responses are due to environmental influences or quantitative and …

Intestinal microbiota and gut immune systems interact each other, maintaining a condition of
homeostasis in the context of the intestinal habitat. However, both systems undergo …

The role of adaptive SARS-CoV-2 specific immunity in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19
(PASC) is not well explored, although a growing population of convalescent COVID-19 …

Atrophy of the thymus, the primary site of T lymphocyte generation, is a hallmark of the aging
immune system. Age-associated thymic atrophy results in diminished output of new, naïve T …

Introduction ageing is accompanied by impairments in immune responses due to
remodelling of the immune system (immunesenescence). Additionally, a decline in habitual …