ApoE is the major lipid and cholesterol carrier in the CNS. There are three major human
polymorphisms, apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4, and the genetic expression of APOE4 is one of …

Mitochondria play a key role in both health and disease. Their function is not limited to
energy production but serves multiple mechanisms varying from iron and calcium …

Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are primary multipotent cells capable of
differentiating into osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes when stimulated under …

Oxidative stress has been proposed as a key contributor to lifestyle-and age-related
diseases. Because free radicals play an important role in various processes such as …

The nutrients and their potential benefits are a new field of study in modern medicine for
their positive impact on health. Curcumin, the yellow polyphenolic compound extracted from …

Alzheimer's disease (AD), an elderly neurodegenerative disorder with a high incidence and
progressive memory decline, is one of the most expensive, lethal, and burdening diseases …

The last century has seen an increase in our life expectancy. As a result, various age-related
diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), have emerged, representing new …

During Inflammaging, a dysregulation of the immune cell functions is generated, and these
cells acquire a senescent phenotype with an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and …

Aging refers to the gradual physiological changes that occur in an organism after reaching
adulthood, resulting in senescence and a decline in biological functions, ultimately leading …

Estrogens (estradiol, estriol, and estrone) are important hormones that directly and indirectly
regulate the metabolism and function of bone and skeletal muscle via estrogen receptors …