The inflammaging concept was introduced in 2000 by Prof. Franceschi. This was an
evolutionary or rather a revolutionary conceptualization of the immune changes in response …

It has been noticed in recent years that the unfavorable effects of the gut microbiota could
exhaust host vigor and life, yet knowledge and theory are just beginning to be established …

Fibrosis, defined by the excess deposition of structural and matricellular proteins in the
extracellular space, underlies tissue dysfunction in multiple chronic diseases. Approved …

Aging induces a series of immune related changes, which is called immunosenescence,
playing important roles in many age-related diseases, especially neurodegenerative …

Brain macrophages include microglia in the parenchyma, border-associated macrophages
in the meningeal-choroid plexus-perivascular space, and monocyte-derived macrophages …

The gastrointestinal tract has the important task of absorbing nutrients, a complex process
that requires an intact barrier allowing the passage of nutrients but that simultaneously …

The human gut microbiome contains the largest number of bacteria in the body and has the
potential to greatly influence metabolism, not only locally but also systemically. There is an …

The immune system is the central regulator of tissue homeostasis, ensuring tissue
regeneration and protection against both pathogens and the neoformation of cancer cells. Its …

Aged livers have shown aggravated liver ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. Timely
efferocytosis of apoptotic cells is a key mechanism for avoiding excessive inflammation and …

Knowledge of aging biology needs to be expanded due to the continuously growing number
of elderly people worldwide. Aging induces changes that affect all systems of the body. The …