Introduction The prognosis of bladder cancer (BLCA) and response to immune checkpoint
inhibitors (ICIs) are determined by multiple factors. Existed biomarkers for predicting the …

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) is a class of cells with important immune functions and
plays a crucial role in bladder cancer (BCa). Several studies have shown the clinical …

Immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint genes (ICGs) has recently made significant
progress in the treatment of bladder cancer patients, but many patients still cannot benefit …

Background: The immune microenvironment profoundly affects tumor prognosis and
therapy. The present study aimed to reveal potential immune escape mechanisms and …

A deeper understanding of the interaction between tumor cell and the immune
microenvironment in bladder cancer may help select predictive and prognostic biomarkers …

Immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) has been routinely implemented to treat bladder cancer;
however, most patients have little or no clinical benefit. In this study, 348 pretreated …

Background T-cell–T-cell interactions play important roles in the regulation of T-cells'
cytotoxic function, further impacting the anti-tumor efficacy of immunotherapy. There is a lack …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) not only provides fertile soil for tumor growth and
development but also widely involves immune evasion as well as the resistance towards …

PURPOSE Immunotherapy has been widely used in bladder cancer (BCa) in recent years
and has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with BCa. However, further …

The innovation of immunotherapy was a milestone in the treatment of bladder cancer
(BLCA). However, the treatment benefits varied by individual thus promoting the …