Exploring the immunogenic properties of SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins: PAMP: TLR signaling in the mediation of the neuroinflammatory and neurologic sequelae of …

MG Frank, M Fleshner, SF Maier - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 2023 - Elsevier
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) produces an array of
neurologic and neuropsychiatric symptoms in the acute and post-acute phase of infection …

SARS-CoV-2 spike S1 subunit induces neuroinflammatory, microglial and behavioral sickness responses: Evidence of PAMP-like properties

MG Frank, KH Nguyen, JB Ball, S Hopkins… - Brain, Behavior, and …, 2022 - Elsevier
SARS-CoV-2 infection produces neuroinflammation as well as neurological, cognitive (ie,
brain fog), and neuropsychiatric symptoms (eg, depression, anxiety), which can persist for …

[HTML][HTML] Role of SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein-induced activation of microglia and mast cells in the pathogenesis of neuro-COVID

TC Theoharides, D Kempuraj - Cells, 2023 - mdpi.com
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19). About 45% of COVID-19 patients experience several symptoms a …

Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and its Receptor Binding Domain stimulate release of different pro-inflammatory mediators via activation of distinct receptors …

I Tsilioni, TC Theoharides - Molecular Neurobiology, 2023 - Springer
SARS-CoV-2 infects cells via its spike (S) protein binding to its surface receptor angiotensin
converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on target cells and results in acute symptoms involving …

[HTML][HTML] Hyperinflammatory immune response and COVID-19: a double edged sword

LY Tan, TV Komarasamy… - Frontiers in …, 2021 - frontiersin.org
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) elicited by the severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused devastating health, economic and social impact …

What SARS-CoV-2 does to our brains

T Aschman, R Mothes, FL Heppner, H Radbruch - Immunity, 2022 - cell.com
Neurological symptoms in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients have been reported, but their
cause remains unclear. In theory, the neurological symptoms observed after SARS-CoV-2 …

[HTML][HTML] Neurological manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 induced inflammation and possible therapeutic strategies against COVID-19

D Kumar, S Jahan, A Khan, AJ Siddiqui… - Molecular …, 2021 - Springer
There are regular reports of extrapulmonary infections and manifestations related to the
ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Coronaviruses are potentially neurotropic, which renders …

[PDF][PDF] SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein induces TLR4-mediated long-term cognitive dysfunction recapitulating post-COVID-19 syndrome in mice

FL Fontes-Dantas, GG Fernandes, EG Gutman… - Cell reports, 2023 - cell.com
Cognitive dysfunction is often reported in patients with post-coronavirus disease 2019
(COVID-19) syndrome, but its underlying mechanisms are not completely understood …

[HTML][HTML] Neuropathophysiology of coronavirus disease 2019: neuroinflammation and blood brain barrier disruption are critical pathophysiological processes that …

MO Welcome, NE Mastorakis - Inflammopharmacology, 2021 - Springer
Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2
(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) first discovered in Wuhan, Hubei …

[HTML][HTML] SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein alters microglial purinergic signaling

VS Alves, SACS Santos, R Leite-Aguiar… - Frontiers in …, 2023 - frontiersin.org
Despite long-term sequelae of COVID-19 are emerging as a substantial public health
concern, the mechanism underlying these processes still unclear. Evidence demonstrates …