The energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a significant challenge. A
clustering-based approach is an energy-saving approach in WSN. The practical clustering …

Heterogeneous wireless sensor network (HWSN) fulfills the requirements of researchers in
the design of real life application to resolve the issues of unattended problem. But, the main …

Heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (HWSNs) provide realistic application design
capabilities. The sensor nodes (SNs) are arranged in groups or clusters. Each cluster has a …

The energy efficiency is an important issue for employ distributed wireless sensor networks
in smart space and extreme environments. The cluster-based communication protocols play …

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are widely used in military, traffic, medical and so on. The
design of routing protocol for WSNs is limited by the single nature of the local topology …

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) comprise a large number of small sensor nodes scattered
across limited geographical areas. The nodes in such networks carry sources of limited and …

Background The energy-constrained heterogeneous nodes are the most challenging
wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for developing energy-aware clustering schemes …

Wireless sensors networks (WSNs) are traditionally composed of large number of low-cost
and tiny homogenous sensors nodes connected through a wireless network that gather data …

In wireless sensor networks, the energy source is limited to the capacity of the sensor node's
battery. Clustering in WSN can help with reducing energy consumption because …

The applications of wireless sensor network (WSN) are growing very rapidly, so utilizing the
energy in an efficient manner is a challenging task as the battery life of nodes in WSN is very …