In recent days, the usage of data transmission has increased in Wireless Sensor Network
(WSN) environments due to its dynamic nature. However, WSNs face many issues during …

Data is sent by multi-hop communication in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), where each
sensor node transmits data to its neighbouring nodes until it reaches the target node, which …

The current fleet of cars requires reevaluation, upgrades, and replacement in response to
the expanding human population, the increase in urban traffic volume, and the elevated …

Abstract Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a well-organizing network that provides efficient
communication services. However, high energy usage and overloaded data sometimes …

In order to prevent the overloading, the routing algorithm aids in building productive paths
both within and between clusters. When sending information from the source Internet of …

Abstract In a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), there are some energy constrained tiny
sensor devices called nodes. These nodes can sense the environment, capture the data and …

Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) plays a significant role in future intelligent transportation
systems. The main objective of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is to improve driver …

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) gather information and sense information samples in a
certain region and communicate these readings to a base station (BS). Energy efficiency is …

Routing is one of the most critical issues in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) as it differs
from routing in classical networks. The dynamic nature of WSN environment and the …

With the development of the Internet, E-learning has become an important way of education.
However, in online English classes, user experience problems still exist, such as network …