Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have recently gained the attention of researchers in many
challenging aspects. The most important challenge in these networks is energy …

Purpose This paper aims to discuss a comprehensive survey on fuzzy-based clustering
techniques. The determination of an appropriate sensor node as a cluster head …

In recent years, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted many researchers due to
their widely usage in a wide range of applications. One of the most important problems in …

The four-wheel steering (4WS) is an efficient method to improve the manoeuvrability of
electric vehicle with the tendency of understeer, by providing the sufficient steering angles …

Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks WSNs are special networks consist of devices (sensor
nodes) in large numbers and spatial distribution. They have various sensing capability and …

Wireless sensor networks consists of hundreds or thousands of sensor nodes supported by
small capacity battery. For environmental monitoring purposes, sensor nodes must have …

In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), energy efficiency is the key concern. The clustering of
networks is one of the most common strategies to make WSNs energy efficient. In clustering …

The routing protocol in the network layer has played a decisive role in the WSN (Wireless
Sensor Network). Balance the network load, improve energy efficiency, and consequently …

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have limited storage capacity, communication bandwidth,
processing speed, and battery issues. All these factors affect the lifespan of a WSN. Solving …

Collaborate beamforming in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a concept of using
beamforming technology to establish link in the networks. It can effectively increase the …