Protein S-palmitoylation, the reversible thioester linkage of a 16-carbon palmitate lipid to an
intracellular cysteine residue, is rapidly emerging as a fundamental, dynamic, and …

Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) belong to the dynamin family of large GTPases and
represent the major IFN-γ-induced proteins. Here we systematically investigated the …

Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are encoded by a large gene family and play
important roles against biotic and abiotic stresses and in plant growth and development. To …

Successful sexual reproduction in animals and plants requires communication between
male and female gametes. In flowering plants, unlike in animals, eggs and sperm cells are …

Ca2+ is a second messenger that mediates plant responses to abiotic stress; Ca2+ signals
need to be decoded by Ca2+ sensors that translate the signal into physiological, metabolic …

Egress from the host cell is a crucial and highly regulated step in the biology of the obligate
intracellular parasite, Toxoplasma gondii. Active egress depends on calcium fluxes and …

Background Ca 2+ ion is a versatile second messenger that operate in a wide ranges of
cellular processes that impact nearly every aspect of life. Ca 2+ regulates gene expression …

Phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) cleaves, in a Ca 2+-dependent
manner, phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate (PI-4, 5-P 2) into diacylglycerol (DAG) and …

The glideosome is an actomyosin-based machinery that powers motility in Apicomplexa and
participates in host cell invasion and egress from infected cells. The central component of …

Cell polarity is fundamental for tissue morphogenesis in multicellular organisms. Plants and
animals evolved multicellularity independently, and it is unknown whether their polarity …