Human microglia convert l-tryptophan into the neurotoxin quinolinic acid
MP Heyes, CL Achim, CA Wiley, EO Major… - Biochemical …, 1996 - portlandpress.com
Immune activation leads to accumulations of the neurotoxin and kynurenine pathway
metabolite quinolinic acid within the central nervous system of human patients. Whereas …
metabolite quinolinic acid within the central nervous system of human patients. Whereas …
Early increases in TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β levels following transient cerebral ischemia in gerbil brain
K Saito, K Suyama, K Nishida, Y Sei, AS Basile - Neuroscience letters, 1996 - Elsevier
The effects of transient global ischemia using bilateral carotid artery occlusion on regional
cytokine levels in gerbil brain were investigated using enzyme-linked immunoassay …
cytokine levels in gerbil brain were investigated using enzyme-linked immunoassay …
Decreased plasma tryptophan in pregnancy
H Schröcksnadel, G Baier-Bitterlich, O Dapunt… - Obstetrics & …, 1996 - Elsevier
OBJECTIVE: To examine levels of serum tryptophan and its degradation product kynurenine
in uncomplicated pregnancy, according to the week of pregnancy and the concentrations of …
in uncomplicated pregnancy, according to the week of pregnancy and the concentrations of …
Neuroinvasion by simian immunodeficiency virus coincides with increased numbers of perivascular macrophages/microglia and intrathecal immune activation
JH Lane, VG Sasseville, MO Smith, P Vogel… - Journal of …, 1996 - Taylor & Francis
During peak viremia and initial antibody response, rhesus macaques infected with
pathogenic and nonpathogenic isolates of SIV show distinct differences in viral load and …
pathogenic and nonpathogenic isolates of SIV show distinct differences in viral load and …
Study of receptor-mediated neurotoxins released by HIV-1-infected mononuclear phagocytes found in human brain
D Giulian, J Yu, X Li, D Tom, J Li, E Wendt… - Journal of …, 1996 - Soc Neuroscience
Although there is growing evidence that neurotoxic molecules produced by HIV-1-infected
mononuclear phagocytes damage neurons, the precise mechanisms of neuronal attack …
mononuclear phagocytes damage neurons, the precise mechanisms of neuronal attack …
Kynurenine pathway enzymes in brain: properties of enzymes and regulation of quinolinic acid synthesis
K Saito, MP Heyes - … Advances in Tryptophan Research: Tryptophan and …, 1996 - Springer
The kynurenine pathway is the metabolic route by which the essential amino acid, L-
tryptophan is catabolized to a number of metabolites for excretion and convertion to …
tryptophan is catabolized to a number of metabolites for excretion and convertion to …
The kynurenine pathway and neurologic disease: therapeutic strategies
MP Heyes - Recent Advances in Tryptophan Research: Tryptophan …, 1996 - Springer
Quinolinic acid (QUIN) is a neurotoxic metabolite of the tryptophan—kynurenine pathway
(Bender, 1982) that selectively injures and kills vulnerable neurons via activation of the N …
(Bender, 1982) that selectively injures and kills vulnerable neurons via activation of the N …
Increased kynurenic acid levels and decreased brain kynurenine aminotransferasei in patients with down syndrome
H Baran, N Cairns, B Lubec, G Lubec - Life sciences, 1996 - Elsevier
Excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptors are central to brain physiology and play important
roles in learning and memory processes. Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a metabolite of tryptophan …
roles in learning and memory processes. Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a metabolite of tryptophan …
Systemic DL-kynurenine and probenecid pretreatment attenuates quinolinic acid-induced neurotoxicity in rats
A Santamaria, C Rios, F Solis-Hernandez… - …, 1996 - Elsevier
Kynurenine (KYN) is the precursor of kynurenic acid (KYNA), an endogenous antagonist of
the glycine site of the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor. Probenecid (PROB), blocks …
the glycine site of the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptor. Probenecid (PROB), blocks …
Expression of inflammatory cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase in brains of SIV-infected rhesus monkeys: applications to HIV-induced central nervous system …
Background Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of the central nervous
system (CNS) can lead to severe impairments in cognition, behavior, and motor skills. The …
system (CNS) can lead to severe impairments in cognition, behavior, and motor skills. The …