• Ask about tobacco use status at every visit. I (B)• Advise every tobacco user to quit. I (B)•
Assess the tobacco user's willingness to quit. I (B)• Assist by counseling and developing a …

Heart failure remains a common diagnosis, especially in older individuals. It continues to be
associated with significant morbidity and mortality, but major advances in both diagnosis …

Background The importance of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction is increasingly
recognized. We conducted a study to evaluate the epidemiologic features and outcomes of …

Background—Decreased renal function has been found to be an independent risk factor for
cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with markedly reduced …

Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires continuing medical care and patient self-
management education to prevent acute complications and to reduce the risk of long-term …

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is frequent in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).
Experimental and small patient studies have demonstrated that blocking the renin …

Aims To determine the effects of digoxin on all-cause mortality and heart failure (HF)
hospitalizations, regardless of ejection fraction, accounting for serum digoxin concentration …

More than a century of research on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has uncovered the
widespread involvement of angiotensin II (Ang II) in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular …

838 medication have significant differences with regard to their ancillary pharmacological
properties and thereby also their profile at a molecular/cellular level. Furthermore, these …

With the development of aliskiren, blockade of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system
(RAAS) at the level of the interaction of renin with a substrate has become a clinical reality …