For decades, evolutionary biologists have argued that changes in cis-regulatory sequences
constitute an important part of the genetic basis for adaptation. Although originally based on …

Although many studies provide examples of evolutionary processes such as adaptive
evolution, balancing selection, deleterious variation and genetic drift, the relative importance …

Lactase persistence (LP), the dominant Mendelian trait conferring the ability to digest the
milk sugar lactose in adults, has risen to high frequency in central and northern Europeans …

The recent availability of genome-scale genotyping data has led to the identification of
regions of the human genome that seem to have been targeted by selection. These findings …

Another problem is that questionable scientific assumptions are sometimes made when
companies report results of a genetic ancestry test. For instance, when an allele or …

Surveys of protein-coding sequences for evidence of positive selection in humans and
chimpanzees have flagged surprisingly few genes known to be involved in neural or …

Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) technologies can be used to identify disease-
causing genes in humans and to understand the inter-individual variation in drug response …

A single-nucleotide variant, C/T-13910, located 14 kb upstream of the lactase gene (LCT),
has been shown to be completely correlated with lactase persistence (LP) in northern …

Recent studies have used dense markers to examine the human genome in ancestrally
homogeneous populations for hallmarks of selection. No genomewide studies have focused …

Background Biologists are gaining an increased understanding of the genetic bases of
phenotypic change during evolution. Nevertheless, the origins of phenotypes mediated by …