Incretins are gut hormones that are secreted from enteroendocrine cells into the blood within
minutes after eating. One of their many physiological roles is to regulate the amount of …

Angiogenesis is an important component in the development of thyroid goitre. Vascular
endothelial growth factor (VEGF) represents a family of specific endothelial cell mitogens …

Incretin hormones are defined as intestinal hormones released in response to nutrient
ingestion, which potentiate the glucose-induced insulin response. In humans, the incretin …

Aim: To assess the addition of sitagliptin to ongoing metformin therapy in patients with type 2
diabetes who were inadequately controlled [haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 7–11%] on …

Context: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic
polypeptide are incretins secreted from enteroendocrine cells postprandially in part to …

Oral therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus, when used appropriately, can safely assist patients
to achieve glycaemic targets in the short to medium term. However, the progressive nature of …

Type II diabetes is a heterogeneous disease where environment and genetics are important
factors for the expression of the disease. The high cost for treating complications of diabetes …

Background: In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) there is a progressive loss of β-cell function.
One new approach yielding promising results is the use of the orally active dipeptidyl …

Glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) is a gut‐derived incretin hormone with the potential to
change diabetes. The physiological effects of GLP‐1 are multiple, and many seem to …

Background: Exogenous administration of glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 improves glucose
tolerance by stimulation of insulin secretion, inhibition of glucagon secretion, and delay of …