Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a potent pro-inflammatory molecule, which upon
engagement with its cognate receptors on target cells, triggers downstream signaling …

The identification of several mutations causing familial forms of Parkinson's disease (PD)
has led to the creation of multiple lines of mice expressing similar genetic alterations. These …

The mutation or overexpression of α-synuclein protein plays a pivotal role in the
pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. In our preliminary experiments, we found that α …

Post-mortem analysis of brains from Parkinson's disease (PD) patients strongly supports
microglia activation and adaptive immunity as factors contributing to disease progression …

Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder
characterized pathologically by the presence in the brain of intracellular protein inclusions …

Parkinson's disease is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder,
typified by the progressive loss of substantia nigra pars compacta dopamine neurons and …

Abstract α‐Synuclein has been linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and other
synucleinopathies through its propensity to form toxic oligomers. The exact mechanism for …

One common feature of neurodegenerative diseases is neuroinflammation. In the case of
Parkinson's disease (PD), neuroinflammation appears early and persists throughout the …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an insidious neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a
range of motor symptoms which develop predominantly as a consequence of striatal …

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder
characterized pathologically by the presence in the brain of intracellular protein inclusions …