Introduction: Shikonin and its derivatives are the main components of red pigment extracts
from Lithospermum erythrorhizon, whose medicinal properties have been confirmed for a …

Imbalance or malfunction of the immune systems is associated with a range of chronic
diseases including autoimmune diseases, allergies, cancers and others. Various innate and …

Immunogenic cell death is characterized by damage-associated molecular patterns, which
can enhance the maturation and antigen uptake of dendritic cells. Shikonin, an anti …

Chemotherapy is a mainstay of cancer treatment. Due to increased drug resistance and the
severe side effects of currently used therapeutics, new candidate compounds are required …

Activity-guided fractionation of a petroleum ether-soluble extract of the roots of Onosma
paniculata, which has been shown to affect the cell cycle and to induce apoptosis in …

Lithospermum erythrorhizon, which has traditionally been used as a vegetable and to make
the liquor Jindo Hongju, contains several naphthoquinone pigments, including shikonin …

Environmental stress induces damage that activates an adaptive response in any organism.
The cellular stress response is based on the induction of cytoprotective proteins, the so …

The interest of drug delivery has focused on the creation of new formulations with improved
properties, taking much attention to the drug release from the carrier. Liposomes have …

Shikonin, a major component of Lithospermum erythrorhizon and Arnebia euchroma,
exhibits antiinflammatory, immunomodulatory and antitumour activities. Although many …

Cancer cells are characterized by alterations in cell metabolism including increased glucose
consumption and aerobic glycolysis, commonly known as the “Warburg effect”. Underlying …