Leptospirosis is a zoonosis found worldwide, the main reservoir of which is the rat. Human
infection generally results from exposure to contaminated river or lake water or animals …

Urban Norway and black rats (Rattus norvegicus and Rattus rattus) are the source of a
number of pathogens responsible for significant human morbidity and mortality in cities …

Background Infectious disease incidence is often male-biased. Two main hypotheses have
been proposed to explain this observation. The physiological hypothesis (PH) emphasizes …

This special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is
dedicated to leptospirosis, an endemic zoonotic disease that is a cause of many acute …

Background Leptospirosis is one of the most important neglected tropical bacterial diseases
in Latin America and the Caribbean. However, very little is known about the circulating …

In 2009–2011, the WHO Regional Office for Europe and the United Kingdom
HealthProtection Agency undertook a project to investigate the adverse health effects of …

Leptospirosis disproportionately affects residents of urban slums. To understand the
knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding leptospirosis, we conducted a cross-sectional …

Throughout the developing world, urban centres with sprawling slum settlements are rapidly
expanding and invading previously forested ecosystems. Slum communities are …

Samples were collected from 128 symptomatic humans, 83 dogs, 49 mice, and 20 rats
(Rattus rattus: 16; Rattus norvegicus: 4) in neighborhoods where human leptospirosis have …

Leptospirosis is a widespread but under-reported cause of morbidity and mortality. Global re-
emergence of leptospirosis has been associated with the growth of informal urban …