Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide and the
single strongest predictor of mortality in patients with diabetes. DKD is a prototypical disease …

At least 10% of adults and nearly all children who receive renal-replacement therapy have
an inherited kidney disease. These patients rarely die when their disease progresses and …

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a histologic pattern of injury on kidney biopsy
that can arise from a diverse range of causes and mechanisms. Although primary and …

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a genetically heterogeneous group of diseases that are divided
into steroid-sensitive NS (SSNS) and steroid-resistant NS (SRNS). SRNS inevitably leads to …

Urinary exosome-like vesicles (ELVs) are a heterogenous mixture (diameter 40–200 nm)
containing vesicles shed from all segments of the nephron including glomerular podocytes …

Renal transplantation (RTx) is the only curative treatment for most cases of congenital and
infantile nephrotic syndrome (NS) caused by genetic defects in glomerular podocyte …

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and nephrotic syndrome can be caused by rare
highly penetrant mutations in number of genes. FSGS can follow both recessive and …

The haploid human genome is composed of three billion base pairs, about one percent of
which consist of exonic regions, the coding sequence for functional proteins, also now …

During development, vertebrates form a progression of up to three different kidneys that are
comprised of functional units termed nephrons. Nephron composition is highly conserved …

Background/Aims: Obesity and diabetes are intimately interrelated, and are independent risk
factors for kidney disease. Overactivation of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is implicated in …