Reactive metabolites (RMs) have been implicated as causal factors in many drug-
associated idiosyncratic toxicities. This study aims at identification and mitigation of an RM …

Electrochemical oxidation of drug molecules is a useful tool to generate several different
types of metabolites. In the present study we developed a model system involving …

Metabolic activation of drugs frequently generates electrophilic products that may undergo
covalent binding to biological macromolecules, such as proteins and DNA. The resulting …

Biotransformation has evolved beyond simple structural elucidation of metabolites to provide
data that is highly impactful and influential to various aspects of drug discovery. Based on …

Metabolism plays a cardinal role in determining the efficacy and safety of a new chemical
entity (NCE). Too fast or too slow metabolism of an NCE can lead to lack of efficacy or …

Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), is a naturally-occurring lignan isolated from the creosote
bush (Larrea tridentata). The aqueous extract of this shrub, commonly referred to as …

Biotransformation is one of the key elements of chemically induced toxicity. Although
organisms have an intrinsic tendency to diminish the harm posed by chemical exposure with …

The formation of conjugates between the electrophilic reactive metabolites of drugs and
nucleophilic protein sites is known to be associated with toxicological risk. At present there is …