Incretin hormones are gut peptides that are secreted after nutrient intake and stimulate
insulin secretion together with hyperglycaemia. GIP (glucose‐dependent insulinotropic …

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract plays a central role in the absorption, distribution, metabolism,
and excretion of flavonoids, which ultimately define the health effects of these bioactives …

Gut microbiota exert a pivotal influence on various functions including gastrointestinal (GI)
motility, metabolism, nutrition, immunity, and the neuroendocrine system in the host. These …

Chemical derivatives of the gut-derived peptide hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)
are among the best-in-class pharmacotherapies to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes …

Diabetes is a fast growing chronic metabolic disorder around the world. Dipeptidyl peptidase-
4 (DPP-4) is a new promising target during type 2 diabetes glycemic control. Thus, a number …

Summary Aims Since 2006, DPP‐4 inhibitors have become established therapy for the
treatment of type 2 diabetes. Despite sharing a common mechanism of action, considerable …

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increasing, which is alarming because of its serious
complications. Anti‐diabetic treatment aims to control glucose homeostasis as tightly as …

The first clinical study to investigate effects of dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibition was
published in 2002, and since then, numerous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have …

Abstract Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are now a widely used, safe and
efficacious class of antidiabetic drugs, which were developed prospectively using a rational …

Abstract Dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are a relatively new class of non-insulin
glucose-lowering agents, belonging to the incretin family, which are able to improve …