As the intestinal microbiota has become better appreciated as necessary for maintenance of
physiologic homeostasis and also as a modulator of disease processes, there has been a …

The holobiont (host with its endocellular and extracellular microbiome) can function as a
distinct biological entity, an additional organismal level to the ones previously considered …

Microbial metabolites are known to modulate immune responses of the host. The main
metabolites derived from microbial fermentation of dietary fibers in the intestine, short-chain …

The gut microbiota (GM) is the whole of commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic
microorganisms living in our intestine. The GM–host interactions contribute to the maturation …

The human gut contains a plethora of microbes, providing a platform for metabolic
interaction between the host and microbiota. Metabolites produced by the gut microbiota act …

Increasing interest in functional foods has driven discovery in the area of bioactive
compounds. Prebiotics are non-digestible carbohydrate compounds that, when consumed …

The intestine is the shared site of nutrient digestion, microbiota colonization and immune cell
location and this geographic proximity contributes to a large extent to their interaction. The …

Osteoimmunology encompasses all aspects of the cross-regulation of bone and the immune
system, including various cell types, signalling pathways, cytokines and chemokines, under …

Advanced age is characterized by several changes, one of which is the impairment of the
homeostasis of intestinal microbiota. These alterations critically influence host health and …

Osteomicrobiology refers to the role of microbiota in bone health and the mechanisms by
which the microbiota regulates post-natal skeletal development, bone aging, and pathologic …