Smart grids include a variety of microprocessor-based embedded systems, interconnected
with communication technologies. In this interaction, hardware is the lower level of …

Programmable Logic Controllers are an integral component for managing many different
industrial processes (eg, smart building management, power generation, water and …

Embedded systems are widely employed in consumer, industrial and military applications.
Some of such systems are used in applications in which safety requirements need to be …

Abstract The modernization of Industrial Control Systems (ICS), primarily targeting increased
efficiency and controllability through integration of Information Technologies (IT) and use of …

A key principle of the digital transformation of industries is 'Remove wAste Before
Automation'–what we call the RABA approach: in a digital factory, processes must first be …

This chapter describes the current situation of cybersecurity in the electricity sector. Former
stocktaking studies are introduced, starting from the influential ENISA research. The …