Directed evolution aims to expedite the natural evolution process of biological molecules
and systems in a test tube through iterative rounds of gene diversifications and library …

The third edition of Flow Cytometry Guidelines provides the key aspects to consider when
performing flow cytometry experiments and includes comprehensive sections describing …

Foxp3-expressing CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) constitutively and highly express
the immune checkpoint receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) …

The inflammatory and IFN pathways of innate immunity play a key role in the resistance and
pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Innate sensors and SARS-CoV-2 …

The developmental and molecular heterogeneity of tissue macrophages is unravelling, as
are their diverse contributions to physiology and pathophysiology. Moreover, also given …

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy.
Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered …

Identification of protective T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 requires distinguishing
people infected with SARS-CoV-2 from those with cross-reactive immunity to other …

The systemic processes involved in the manifestation of life-threatening COVID-19 and in
disease recovery are still incompletely understood, despite investigations focusing on the …

Inspired by the idea of combining conventional optical tweezers with plasmonic
nanostructures, a technique named plasmonic optical tweezers (POT) has been widely …

Flow cytometry (FCM) is a sophisticated technique that works on the principle of light
scattering and fluorescence emission by the specific fluorescent probe-labeled cells as they …