Accumulating evidence shows that oxidative stress plays an essential role in the
pathogenesis and progression of many diseases. The imbalance between the production of …

Aortic aneurysm, including thoracic aortic aneurysm and abdominal aortic aneurysm, is the
second most prevalent aortic disease following atherosclerosis, representing the ninth …

On Earth, humans are subjected to a gravitational force that has been an important
determinant in human evolution and function. During spaceflight, astronauts are subjected to …

Small arteries, which play important roles in controlling blood flow, blood pressure, and
capillary pressure, are under nervous influence. Their innervation is predominantly …

Atherosclerosis (AS), one of the most common types of cardiovascular disease, has initially
been attributed to the accumulation of fats and fibrous materials. However, more and more …

Vascular aging is a pivotal risk factor promoting vascular dysfunction, the development and
progression of vascular aging-related diseases. The structure and function of endothelial …

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among persons aged 65 and
older in the United States and many other developed countries. Tissue engineered vascular …

Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) represent a major structural and functional component of many
organs during embryonic development and adulthood. These cells are a crucial component …

Arteriogenesis is one of the primary physiological means by which the circulatory collateral
system restores blood flow after significant arterial occlusion in peripheral arterial disease …

Vascular aging is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the elderly population.
Endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), forming the intima and …