Genomic instability is the hallmark of various cancers with the increasing accumulation of
DNA damage. The application of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in cancer treatment is …

DNA repair pathways are triggered to maintain genetic stability and integrity when
mammalian cells are exposed to endogenous or exogenous DNA-damaging agents. The …

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the eighth most prevalent cancer in the world, arises
from the interaction of multiple factors including tobacco, alcohol consumption, and betel …

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a kind of malignant tumors with low survival rate
and prone to have early metastasis and recurrence. Cisplatin is an alkylating agent which …

Drug resistance is a major impediment in cancer therapy which strongly reduces the
efficiency of anti-cancer drugs. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles with cup or spherical …

The use of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) using antibodies against programmed death
receptor (PD)-1, PD ligand (PD-L)-1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) has …

Maintenance of genomic integrity is critical for the perpetuation of all forms of life including
humans. Living organisms are constantly exposed to stress from internal metabolic …

Cells must replicate and segregate their DNA to daughter cells accurately to maintain
genome stability and prevent cancer. DNA replication is usually fast and accurate, with …

More than half of cancer patients are treated with radiotherapy, which kills tumor cells by
directly and indirectly inducing DNA damage, including cytotoxic DNA double-strand breaks …

The phenomenon of drug resistance has been a hindrance to therapeutic medicine since
the late 1940s. There is a plethora of factors and mechanisms contributing to progression of …