Artificial cells are constructed to imitate natural cells and allow researchers to explore
biological process and the origin of life. The construction methods for artificial cells, through …

Recent years have seen substantial efforts aimed at constructing artificial cells from various
molecular components with the aim of mimicking the processes, behaviours and …

The origin of life is still one of humankind's great mysteries. At the transition between
nonliving and living matter, protocells, initially featureless aggregates of abiotic matter, gain …

Recent studies have shown that the interactions between condensates and biological
membranes are of functional importance. Here, we study how the interaction between …

The construction of artificial cells with specific cell-mimicking functions helps to explore
complex biological processes and cell functions in natural cell systems and provides an …

Biological cells display complex internal architectures with distinct micro environments that
establish the chemical heterogeneity needed to sustain cellular functions. The continued …

Dynamic, dissipative reactions play important roles in biological processes, and emulating
such biological processes by artificial circuits and networks is a challenging topic in the area …

Intercellular communication is a hallmark of living systems. As such, engineering artificial
cells that possess this behavior has been at the heart of activities in bottom-up synthetic …

Giant polymersomes are versatile and stable biomimetic compartments that are ideal for
building cell‐like systems. However, the transport of hydrophilic molecules across the …

Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is recognized as an important means of intracellular
compartmentalization in living cells. However, the spontaneous formation of hierarchical …