The Internet of Things (IoT) is a transformative technology marking the beginning of a new
era where physical, biological, and digital worlds are integrated by connecting a plethora of …

An intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is a programmable device that can be used to control
electromagnetic waves propagation by changing the electric and magnetic properties of its …

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are an emerging technology aimed to enhance
the energy and spectrum efficiency of wireless communication links by reconfiguring the …

For Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity, visible light communication (VLC) can play an
important role, compared to traditional radio frequency (RF) communication. VLC does not …

Visible light communication (VLC) is considered a new technology for interconnecting
devices in 5G and beyond. VLC can provide additional bandwidth for communicating …

Visible light communication (VLC) exhibits great potential in connecting Internet of Things
(IoT) devices. The connection of a huge number of IoT devices by utilizing the existing radio …

A significant challenge of visible-light communication systems (VLC) is to overcome their
limited converge area in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) transmission. To tackle this problem, for …