As a result of advances in healthcare, the worldwide average life expectancy is steadily
increasing. However, this positive trend has societal and individual costs, not least because …

Background Weaknesses in executive function have persistently been found to be
associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), while bilinguals have been …

We exploit the phenomenon of cross-modal, cross-language activation to examine the
dynamics of language processing. Previous within-language work showed that seeing a …

Being able to speak and/or understand multiple languages is a ubiquitous human behavior.
Over the past decades in particular, an increasing amount of research has investigated the …

Second language (L2) learners must not only acquire L2 knowledge (ie vocabulary and
grammar), but they must also rapidly access this knowledge. In monolinguals, efficient …

The efficiency of spoken word recognition is essential for real-time communication. There is
consensus that this efficiency relies on an implicit process of activating multiple word …

Comprehension of written and spoken language covers a range of component processes
from the perception of orthographic or phonological units, through the recognition of words …

We evaluated external and internal sources of variation in second language (L2) and native
language (L1) proficiency among college students. One hundred and twelve native-English …

We examined the effect of word stress position on bilingual auditory cognate processing.
Turkish–Dutch early bilinguals who are dominant in their L2 (Dutch) performed an auditory …

The relationship between executive functions (EF) and bilingualism has dominated debate
in the field. This debate was characterised by optimism for a bilingual advantage until the …