Aims This report from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Atlas Project updates and
expands upon the widely cited 2019 report in presenting cardiovascular disease (CVD) …

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the most abundant cell in vessels. Earlier
experiments have found that VSMCs possess high plasticity. Vascular injury stimulates …

Epigenetics is closely related to cardiovascular diseases. Genome-wide linkage and
association analyses and candidate gene approaches illustrate the multigenic complexity of …

Aims The aim of this study was to estimate the burden and risk factors for ischaemic heart
disease (IHD) in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2017. Methods and results Data …

Aims To report the prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) associated
with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and its attributable risk factors in 204 countries and …

Smart wearables provide an opportunity to monitor health in daily life and are emerging as
potential tools for detecting cardiovascular disease (CVD). Wearables such as fitness bands …

Exposure to green space has been proposed to be beneficially associated with
cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Many studies have explored this topic, but the results …

The essential amino acid tryptophan (Trp) is metabolized by gut commensals, yielding in
compounds that affect innate immune cell functions directly, but also acting on the aryl …

Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of human mortality. Cytokines play crucial
roles in the development of cardiovascular disease. Interleukin (IL)-6 family members are a …

The mitochondria are essential organelles that generate large amounts of ATP via the
electron transport chain (ECT). Mitochondrial dysfunction causes reactive oxygen species …