Numerous harmful factors that affect the human body from birth to old age cause many
disturbances, eg, in the structure of the genome, inducing cell apoptosis and their …

Perturbations to the infant gut microbiome during the first weeks to months of life affect
growth, development and health. In particular, assembly of an altered intestinal microbiota …

The “developmental origins of health and disease”(DOHaD) hypothesis refers to the
influence of early developmental exposures and fetal growth on the risk of chronic diseases …

Background Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is common in children with inflammatory bowel
disease (IBD); however, oral iron supplements are commonly associated with poor …

Human milk is universally regarded as the gold standard to fulfill nutrition needs of infants.
Lactoferrin (LF) is a major multiple bioactive glycoprotein in human milk but little is …

Neonatal invasive candidiasis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm
infants. The incidence of invasive candidiasis in this population has been declining in high …

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a severe chronic lung illness that affects neonates,
particularly premature infants. It has far-reaching consequences for infant health and their …

Induction chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for pediatric patients with hematologic
malignancies. However, several complications may arise, mainly infections and febrile …

Late-onset neonatal sepsis (LONS) remains an important threat to the health of preterm
neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit. Strategies to optimize care for preterm …

Objectives: Compared to formula-fed infants, breastfed infants have a lower risk of infections.
Two possible reasons for this are the presence of the anti-infective and anti-inflammatory …